Active Server Pages

see ASP’s

Apache

Apache is a free, open-source HTTP compliant web server that comes with an unrestrictive license. Apache (its name derives from ‘A PAtCHy server’) is run on over 6 million servers (as of Feb’ 2000). It is highly configurable and extensible with 3rd-party modules.

Apache Project

The Apache Project is an ASF project described as a ‘collaborative software development effort aimed at creating a robust, commercial-grade, featureful, and freely available source code implementation of an HTTP (Web) server. The project is jointly managed by a group of volunteers located around the world, using the Internet and the Web to communicate, plan and develop the server and its related documentation.’

Application Servers

Application Servers are becoming a major part of emerging Web-based distributed application architectures. By accessing back-end systems and delivering data & applications to browser based front ends, they are the software engines for operating the middle-tier of 3-tier Web application environments. They are also a platform for developing web applications in server-side, distributed architectures such as COM, EJB & CORBA.

Apptivity

Apptivity is Progress Software’s Java IDE (see Java IDE’s).

ASF

The ASF (Apache Software Foundation) is a ‘not-for-profit corporation, incorporated in Delaware, USA, in June of 1999’. It formed  as a result of a ‘natural outgrowth of the Apache Group, a group of individuals that was initially formed in 1995 to develop the Apache HTTP Server’. It now exists to provide organisational, legal & financial support for the Apache open-source software projects. (see Apache, Jakarta Project and JServe Project).

ASP’s

ASP (Active Server Pages) is Microsoft’s alternative to CGI scripts and JSP’s which enable Web pages to interact with databases and other programs. It is the scripting engine linked to the HTTP server which is called IIS. ASP is an application server which works in conjunction with Microsoft’s Visual InterDev: ASP processes ASP extension files when the browser requests an ASP page; and Visual InterDev is the IDE that assists the developer in producing ASP pages.

AWT

AWT (Abstract Windowing Toolkit) is a large collection of classes for building GUI’s in Java.

BEA Tuxedo

BEA Systems’ application server for e-commerce is the world’s most widely used e-commerce transaction & messaging server for distributed mission-critical applications. It forms the core engine of BEA’s Enterprise Middleware Solution. 

BEA WebLogic

BEA’s WebLogic Server (formerly known as Tengah) is BEA’s flagship Web application server. It’s an e-commerce transaction platform for Internet-based solutions and applications .

BEA WebLogic Enterprise

BEA Systems’ unified CORBA & Java enterprise application server for running missing-critical, Web-enabled applications. BEA WebLogic Enterprise was created by fusing BEA WebLogic (application server) and BEA M3 (its OTM). 

BizTalk

BizTalk is Microsoft’s initiative to promote the usage of XML as the basis of a framework for business-to-business e-commerce interoperability. As part of this initiative, Microsoft has defined XDR, an XML schema aiming to  to be a subset of the formal recommendation from the W3C.

BizTalk Framework 2.0

BizTalk Framework 2.0 is the latest version of Microsoft’s B2B framework. By redefining its framework to be SOAP 1.1, Microsoft has furthered its commitment to XML and open industry standards. The adoption of the SOAP 1.1 specification enables BizTalk Framework XML documents to travel over a network in the form of SOAP messages. (see BizTalk).

Bolero

Bolero is Software AG’s application server, based on the Java platform, that provides E-Business application development and deployment capabilities. It enables integration with other applications through DCOM, COM, JavaBeans and CORBA.  Bolero also enables business-oriented programming and RAD using Design Patterns. It includes a number of tools for building GUI’s and reporting and provides seamless Java integration.

BPF

The BPF (Business-to-Business Protocol Framework) is being developed by IBM to advance XML by helping developers create applications using tpaML (Trading Partner Agreement Markup Language) extensions to XML that enable companies to integrate business processes, workflow and security into a B2B transaction.  

CFML

CFML is Allaire ColdFusion’s markup language

CGI

CGI (Common Gateway Interface) is the interface between web-based applications and the Web server. CGI scripts enable developers to create dynamic or interactive applications on their web-site such as handling incoming forms, grabbing records from a database etc. Although most CGI applications are written in Perl, most languages can be used including C/C++ and Java.

CodeWarrior

CodeWarrior is an IDE developed by Austin-based Metrowerks. Its open architecture allows new languages and computing platform to be added easily to its IDE: its cross-platform compilers support Java, C, C++ and assembly programming languages. (see IDE).

Commerce Server

see MS Commerce Server 2000

CSS

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets)

CVS

CVS, the Concurrent Versions System, is a leading open-source, network-transparent version control system that allows multiple developers to work on a project without interfering with each other. It  can be used by individual developers to large, distributed teams . (see open source).

cXML

Ariba Technologies cXML (Commerce XML) is a framework being driven by Ariba Technologies as a new standard for B2B e-commerce. Supported by an influential group of some 40 companies (including Sterling Commerce, InterWorld, Vignette, Extricity Software & Harbinger), cXML is in direct competition with  Microsoft’s BizTalk. According to Ariba, CXML is complimentary to existing XML initiatives such as RosettaNet, Vignette’s ICE and OBI.

DOM

DOM (Document Object Model) is an object based API for accessing XML & HTML documents from a Web browser. It defines how objects (text, images, banners, links etc.) in a Web page are represented.

EAServer

see Sybase Enterprise Application Server

E-Commerce Standards

including BizTalk, X12, RosettaNet, EDIFACT

EDIFACT

EDIFACT (Electronic Data Exchange for Administration Commerce & Transport) is an ISO standard for EDI proposed to supersede both X12 & TRADACOMS as the global standard.

EJB

Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) is Sun Microsystems’  technology specification that specifies a framework for building component-based distributed applications. The EJB framework specifies the construction, deployment and invocation of components, known as enterprise beans, which are pre-developed and reusable units of application code, residing on the middle tier servers of an enterprise. These components can be assembled into working distributed applications, thereby enabling developers build platform independent mission critical server side applications using Java.

There are 2 basic kinds of beans, session beans and entity beans, which are both maintained by EJB compliant servers in containers. The EJB framework, similar to MTS, allows component-based transactional distributed applications and abstracts the process of transaction demarcation from application components. (see component-based development, entity beans, session beans and MTS)

Enhydra

Enhydra.org is an infrastructure dedicated to supporting the Enhydra community. This is an Open Source community comprising of sponsors, technology providers, users and developers, whose mission is to promote the acceptance, usage and continued development of Enhydra, a powerful Open Source Java- and XML-based application server. Enhydra Enterprise, which is currently under development, will offer full support of Sun’s J2EE specification. (see J2EE).

Entity Beans

Entity beans are one of the 2 basic types of EJB. Entity beans are used to model real-world objects (business concepts) that represent  a person, place or thing. Such objects are usually persistent records residing in a database. (see EJB and Session Beans).

Forte for Java IDE

Sun Microsystems new family of IDE’s based on an open source code framework. Forte for Java, Community Edition is derived from NetBeans and there are only minor differences between the two. (see NetBeans).

Forte SynerJ

Forte SynerJ is Sun Microsystems’ (following their acquisition of Forte Software in October 1999) integrated Java development environment for creating enterprise-class Java-based applications. 

FpML

FpML (Financial products Markup Language) is a new XML based standard for sharing information on, and dealing in, financial derivatives over the Internet. It will ultimately allow the electronic integration of a range of services from Internet based electronic dealing to the risk analysis of client portfolios. There is an influential group of companies participating in its development including leading organisations including Bank of America, Chase Manhattan, Deutsche Bank, IBM, Reuters in addition to PricewaterhouseCoopers and JP Morgan who together publicly announced the standard in June 1999.

FIXML

FIXML (Financial Information Exchange Markup Language) is an XML based messaging standard for the real-time electronic exchange of securities transactions. The first ever real-time FIXML trading application was introduced by XML pioneer Innovision Corp. in June 2000.

Gemstone/J 4.0

Gemstone Systems’ J2EE, XML & CORBA based application server for component integration provides a J2EE platform for building B2B applications.

Gemstone/S

Gemstone Systems’ Gemstone/S application server is a component integration solution based on Smalltalk. Gemstone/S provides seamless integration with existing Smalltalk applications.

HAHTSite

HAHT Software’s component integration platform. The latest version, HAHTSite 5.0, is an e-business platform for building component-based applications & deploying them on the Web.

HotJava

HotJava is a Web browser written in Java for OEM’s and developers creating Web-enabled devices & applications.

IBM WebSphere

see WebSphere Application Server

IDE

IDE’s (integrated development environment) are environments for writing application logic & designing application interfaces. They contrast with IAE’s (which include application servers) by lacking solutions to assist applications developers.

Internet Development Tool Suites

These include Adobe GoLive, Allaire ColdFusion, Allaire HomeSite, Claris HomePage, IBM VisualAge for Java, Microsoft Visual InterDev, Macromedia Dreamweaver, Net Objects Fusion, & Oracle Jdeveloper.

IIOP

IIOP (Internet Inter-ORB Protocol) is the protocol developed by the OMG to enable the implementation of CORBA solutions over the Internet.

IIS

IIS (Internet Information Server) is Microsoft’s HTTP server packaged with NT.

IISAPI

Microsoft’s server-side programming tool

InfoBus

InfoBus enables dynamic exchange of data between JavaBeans components.

Inprise Application Server

Inprise/Borland’s application server

J2EE

J2EE (Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition) is Sun’s platform for building Web-based applications. With EJB as its core component, J2EE also includes JSP’s (JavaServer Pages), Java Servlets & a variety of interfaces for linking to information resources in the enterprise. The J2EE interfaces include JDBC for databases, JNDI for directories, JTA for transactions, JMS for messaging, JavaMail for email systems, JavaIDL for CORBA connectivity & Java Connectors for interfacing to a variety of legacy applications.

J2ME

J2ME (Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition) can enable common consumer appliances such as mobile phones & TV’s into service delivery platforms. It has been described as ‘the  hotbed of innovation for applications running on a new generation of Java technology enabled consumer and embedded services.’

J2SE

J2SE (Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition)

Jade

Vision Software’s application server

JAF

JAF (JavaBeans Activation Framework) is a Java standard extension which enables Java developers to determine the type of an arbitrary piece of data and then manipulate it.

Jakarta Project

Jakarta is an ASF project that is home to 2 new projects related to server-side Java: Tomcat (a Java Servlet engine) and Josper (a Java Server Pages reference implementation). The ‘Tomcat’ implementation will be used in the Apache Web Server as well as in other web servers & development tools. (see ASF & Apache)

Java-Apache Project

The Java-Apache Project is an ASF project, closely connected with the Jakarta project,  that is home to various server-side Java projects: Apache JServ (a servlet engine); JSSI (a template engine for Java); Cocoon (an XML processing engine implemented as a servlet); and the Element Construction Set (a servlet for rendering HTML from complex data structures. (see Apache, ASF & Jakarta Project).

JavaBean

The name given to an object which conforms to a specification developed by Sun Microsystems to define how Java objects interact.

JavaBeans Component Architecture

JavaBeans component architecture is the platform-independent architecture for the Java application environment which enables developers to create reusable software components that can then be assembled together using visual application builder tools (ie Java IDE’s) such as IBM’s Visual Age and Sybase’s PowerJ. This ‘Write Once, Run Anywhere’ capability of the Java component architecture makes it an ideal platform for developers working in heterogeneous environments either within the enterprise or across the Internet.

Java IDE’s

These are IDE’s that support Java-based enterprise development and include Java Workshop (Sun), Visual Cafe (Symantec), PowerJ (Sybase), VisualAge for Java (IBM), Apptivity (Progress Software), JBuilder (Borland Corp.), KAWA (Tek-Tools) & JDE

Java RMI

see RMI

JavaScript

JavaScript is an object oriented language which is used to make the task of creating interactive Web pages easier & it is increasingly being used in preference to creating CGI scripts.

Java Server Pages

Java Server Pages (or JSP’s) are the Java (Sun) counterpart to Microsoft’s ASP’s (Active Server Pages) and provide programmers with a simple way of creating dynamic content on Web pages. 

Java Servlets

see Servlet

JDBC

JDBC (Java Database Connectivity) is the major database connectivity API for Java.

JDK

JDK (Java Development Kit)  is an SDK (software development kit) for generating Java programs.

JFC

JFC (Java Foundation Classes) software extends the original AWT by adding a comprehensive set of GUI components (class libraries) including Swing.

JINI

Introduced by Sun Microsystems in 1998,  Jini enables devices using Java to communicate & interact with one another within a highly distributed environment. Although its value is currently greatest in Java environments, Jini’s ability to extend Java solutions beyond current distributed models may make it the foundation of ‘next-generation’  network computing architectures.

JMAPI

JMAPI is an acronym for Java Management API

JMS

JMS is an acronym for Java Messaging Service

JNDI

JNDI (Java Naming and Directory Interface) provides a seamless, uniform way of finding and accessing services on a network from the Java platform.

JOnAS

JOnAS is an EJB platform that is part of the ObjectWeb Open Source initiative launched in collaboration with several partners including France Telecom’s R&D division. It is also integrated within the Enhydra Enterprise java application. JOnAS is a  pure Java implementation of the EJB specification that relies on JDK and JNDI.  (see Enhydra).

JProbe Profiler

JProbe is KL Group’s Java development & diagnostic tool for identifying and fixing bottlenecks in programs.

JRun 3.0

JRun 3.0 is Allaire’s new integrated Java application server with J2EE and EJB support. First released in 1997, the new version was announced in June 2000 and indicates Allaire’s deepening commitment to Java.

JServ (Apache JServ)

Apache JServ is a 100% pure Java servlet engine fully compliant with the Javasoft Java Servlet APIs 2.0 specification that can be run in any standard JVM.  (see Java-Apache Project).

JSP’s

see Java Server Pages

JTS

JTS (Java Transaction Service) is a specification for enterprise distributed computing that was introduced by Sun Microsystems, along with JTA, as part of the Java initiative in 1999. JTS ensures interoperability with sophisticated transaction resources such as transaction managers on the Java platform. It specifies the implementation of a Java transaction manager which supports the JTA . The JTS is a Java implementation of the OMG OTS specification. (see JTA and OMG OTS).

JVM

A Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is a self contained operating environment that behaves as if it is a separate computer. Java applets, for example, run in a JVM that has no access to the host operating system.

Kiva Application Server

An industry leading application server for transactional enterprise applications. Following the acquisition of Kiva Software by Netscape and the subsequent acquisition of Netscape by AOL, Kiva’s application server now sits alongside and will be integrated with the Netscape Enterprise Server  (designed for collaborative workgroup applications over the Web) to provide a full solution.

Linux

Linux is an open-source, UNIX-like operating system that was originally developed by a Finnish student, Linus Torwalds, and has been subsequently developed with the assistance of developers around the world. The term Linux originally referred only to the kernel of the system but is now used to refer to a collection of configured software, known as ‘distributions’,  that runs on top of the kernel. Each distribution has its own set of features and functionality. A well known and up-to-date example of a distribution is Red Hat 5.)

Its functionality, reliability and availability has made Linux a popular and cost-effective solution with estimated total of 12 million users around the world.

Lotus Domino

Lotus Domino Application Server is an integrated Web application and messaging server that provides an open, secure platform for the rapid delivery of collaborative Web applications that easily integrate back-end data sources with a company’s dynamic, front-end business processes.

 Lotus Domino R5 Application Server, the latest release,  includes Domino Enterprise Connection Services (DECS), a forms-based technology in Domino that provides rapid connectivity to enterprise data by enabling the tight interconnection of Domino Web applications with relational databases, transaction systems and ERP applications. 

The provision of CORBA/IIOP support extends Domino application services to Web clients enabling integration with the existing applications architecture. With Domino Designer, it provides an integrated development environment with a set of visual tools for the rapid development and deployment of e-business applications.

MobileDev

MobileDev is a WDE (Wireless Development Environment) specifically for WAP Internet applications. It supports WAP technologies such as WML, HDML, Active Server Pages, Java Server Pages and Perl.

MS Commerce Server 2000

As one of the Microsoft .NET Enterprise Servers, launched in September 2000, Commerce Server 2000  provides developers with tools to rapidly lcreate and customise B2C and B2B e-commerce applications and thereby rapidly build and deploy effective e-commerce sites. It includes a Business Analytics System that provides a 360 degree decision support through data warehousing, data mining and advanced analysis. (see Microsoft .NET Enterprise Servers).

MS IIS

see IIS

MS .NET Enterprise Servers

Microsoft .NET Enterprise Servers, launched in September 2000, is the name of Microsoft’s new servers. They have been designed to enable companies integrate, manage and Web-enable the enterprise while building the foundation for the next-generation (ie 3rd) of Internet applications, where software is delivered as a service, is accessible by any device at any time from any place, and is fully programmable and customisable.

MS Site Server

Site Server is a product from Microsoft that adds new business functionality to the Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS). The additional functions include enterprise searching (web sites, file systems, Microsoft Exchange servers, ODBC-compliant databases), membership services (enabling users to administer their own accounts) and site usage reporting.

MS Site Server 3.0

Microsoft Site Server 3.0 is Microsof’ts Intranet server for creating or enhancing intranet sites. It provides an intranet solution that allows authors to control the information published to the Web and anables enterprise-wide searches across Web sites, network file servers, ODBC databases and Exchange Server folders. Site Server 3.0 is optimised for Microsoft Windows NT Server with IIS (Internet Information Server).

MS Visual J++

Microsoft’s  IDE for Java which enables developers to build applications for both Windows and the Web.

NetBeans

NetBeans is a cross platform Java IDE which is now a product of Sun Microsystems following their acquisition of Czech based NetBeans in October 1999. Together with Sun’s acquisition of Forte, it will extend the JDK:  NetBeans is the core of Forte for Java, Community Edition, Sun Microsystems’ first open source development tool and successor to Java Workshop.

NetDynamics Application Server

NetDynamics is Sun Microsystems’ application server platform for the building and deployment of Web-based applications. As one of the first to incorporate Java technologies for developing net-native applications, NetDynamics pioneered the use of server-side Java technology for enterprise wide, multi-tiered network applications. NetDynamics 5, the latest version which was released in March 2000, is recognised as the first application server to deliver network applications that build upon existing systems to provide unified interaction with any data and any application whether mainframe, client-server or net-based. Through its open architecture that promotes  heterogeneous integration (including connectivity to all major databases and support for CORBA, EJB and COM), together with its PAC approach, it is designed to support enterprise portal applications scaling from thousands of users on large multiprocessing servers to hundreds of thousands on server clusters. This capability makes the NetDynamics Application Server one of the industry’s most comprehensive solutions for the development, deployment and integration of enterprise portals.   (see NetDynamics PACs).

NetDynamics PACs

NetDynamics PACs (Platform Adapter Components) are components within the NetDynamics Application Server that provide integration with a variety of services and data sources such as as ERP applications (e.g. SAP and PeopleSoft), transaction monitors (e.g. Tuxedo and CICS) and middleware. The PAC architecture also enhances developer productivity by facilitating visual development within the NetDynamics Studio development tool.  (see NetDynamics Application Server).

Netscape Application Server

Netscape, with the acquisition of KIVA Software Corporation and its KIVA Enterprise Server, has become a leading provider of application server software for the development, deployment and managing of business critical, enterprise-class Web applications. It supports Java and C/C++ applications and provides a complete set of server-side and client-side class libraries in Java and C/C++.  The Netscape Application Server is complimented by Netscape Application Builder (a development environment for building multi-tiered applications) and Netscape Extension Builder (a toolkit for building server extensions that integrate with enterprise applications and legacy systems). The latest version is Netscape Application Server 2.1. (see KIVA)

Novera

Novera is TSI Software’s application server that is designed for the building, integrating and managing of distributed e-Business applications. It enables developers to build mission-critical applications using new or existing logic to blend a variety of enterprise data sources.

NSAPI

NSAPI (Netscape Server API) is a Web API that provides programmers with a mechanism to extend the functionality (e.g. authentication, authorisation, error logging ) of Netscape Servers (including Netscape’s FastTrack & Enterprise Servers). Web applications developed to use NSAPI run significantly faster than those using CGI due to a higher level of integration with the Web Server.

OASIS

OASIS (Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards) is a non-profit making, international consortium dedicated solely to product-independent data and content interchange. Focusing on product interoperability, OASIS embraces the complete spectrum of structured information standards including XML, SGML and CGM. In August 2000, BEA Systems joined the growing number of sponsors (which include BroadVision, Commerce One,  Extricity Software, IBM, Interwoven, Microsoft, Oracle, SAP, Sun Microsystems and webMethods) to support the industry-wide organisation and its efforts to ensure open technical standards for the Internet and B2B e-commerce. 

Omnimark

Omnimark is a hypertext programming language used for SGML & HTML conversion and for development of Web publishing applications.

Open-Source Projects

Open source is the term given to projects in which the source code is freely available to the public. The Jakarta & Apache JServ Projects are well-known examples. (see Jakarta & JServ).

Opportunistic application servers

Opportunistic projects, generally short-term, low-cost projects seeking to take advantage of an immediate business opportunity tend to lean to what have been catorgorised as ‘opportunistic’ servers: product suites with strong development tools & debugging facilities as provided by Bluestone, Forte, Sun’s NetDynamics & SilverStream. (see systematic application servers).

Oracle iAS

The Oracle Internet Application Server 8i (Oracle iAS) provides a full set of features and technologies developers for the middle-tier of e-Business platform.

Oracle Internet Developer Suite

The Oracle Internet Developer Suite, based on Internet Standards such as Java, XML, CORBA and HTML, combines the leading Oracle application development, BI and enterprise portal building tools in a single suite (including  Oracle Forms Developer, Oracle Designer, Oracle JDeveloper & Business Components for Java, Oracle Reports Developer, Oracle Discoverer and Oracle Portal.  

Panther

Prolifics’ component-based application suite which provides cross-component model integration (ie the ability to develop an application in for instance an MTS COM environment and then deploy it in an EJB or CORBA environment. It is designed to simplify the development of transactional systems.

Perl

Perl (practical extraction and report language) is currently the most popular scripting method for building CGI applications.

PHP

PHP (Personal Home Page tools) is a server side scripting language embedded in HTML that, like Microsoft’s ASP technology,  is used to create dynamic Web pages by extracting data from databases. It was originally designed to bring dynamic scripting functionality to personal HTML Web pages (hence the name).  In addition, it can also perform any of the tasks done by a CGI program. PHP4, released in May 2000, provides for Java support and thereby will help open up PHP to existing enterprise systems and applications.  

ProtoView

ProtoView Corporation is a leader in the exploding component technology market. It develops ActiveX and JavaBeans components which include the ActiveX Component Suite, JFC Suite, JSuite & InterAct. 

Python

Python is an interactive, high-level, object-oriented language, conducive for RAD. It is often compared with other interpreted languages such as Java, Perl & Smalltalk. Python is often used as a scripting or glue language for joining together large software components.

RDF

RDF (Resource Description Framework) is a framework for metadata that provides interoperability between applications that exchange machine understandable data on the Web. By providing the basis for generic tools for authoring, manipulating and searching such data on the Web, it promotes the transformation of the Web into a machine-processable repository of information (W3C). RDF metadata can be used in a variety of applications including cataloging (for describing content and content relationships at a particular Web site, page or digital library) and digital signatures (it will be key in building security applications).

RMI

RMI (Remote Method Invocation) is a set of protocols developed by Sun Microsystems to enable Java objects stored in the network to communicate remotely with other Java objects. It works only with Java objects unlike CORBA & DCOM which can support objects written in any language. RMI, sometimes refered to as Java RMI, is therefore a Remote Procedure Call or RPC. RMI over IIOP, an extension to RMI, enables Java programs to execute Java objects.

RosettaNet

RosettaNet is an independent, self-funded, non-profit and rapidly growing consortium (including SAP, Intel, Dell, PeopleSoft, 3COM) founded in 1998. It is dedicated to the development and deployment of an XML-based standard e-business interfaces for the IT industry. It seeks to rectify misalignments in the supply chain, made more urgent by the new digital economy, by establishing efficient business process interfaces between supply-chain trading partners. This will enable trading partners to exchange information and transactions far more efficiently.

SAF’s

acronym for Server Application Functions which are simply functions the server calls when processing a request.

Sapphire/Web

Bluestone Software’s application server, now known as Total-e-Server (see Total-e-Server)

SAX

SAX is an acronym for Simple API for XML. It is an event-based API between an XML parser & an XML application.

Scripting Tools

Scripting tools, such as PHP and Perl, are often considered entry level application servers because they lack built-in load balancing and failover features.

Servlet

A servlet is simply the name given to an applet that runs on a server. Hence the term ‘Java Servlets’ is applied to Java applets running within a web server environment.

Session Beans

Session beans are one of the 2 basic types of EJB. Session beans are extensions of the client and exist only as long as the client needs them. As such, they are not persistent as are entity beans and are used to model a process or a workflow that defines how other beans interact. (see EJB and Entity Beans).

SGML

SGML (Standard Generalised Markup Language) is a system developed by the ISO in 1986 for defining the format in a text document. The emergence of the Web has generated renewed interest in SGML.

SilverStream Application Server

SilverStream Software’s J2EE-based SilverStream Application Server  provides a scalable end-to-end solution for the building and deployment of complex Java and HTML eBusiness applications for the Internet. The SilverStream Application Server is a component of the SilverStream eBusiness Platform which also includes a full XML integration platform for B2B connectivity.  (see SilverStream eBusiness Platform).

Site Server

see MS Site Server & MS Site Server 2000

SOAP

SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol) is a distributed Protocol  created as a means of using the existing Internet infrastructure to enable applications to communicate directly with each other. Unlike existing distributed protocols, such as DCOM & IIOP, SOAP is explicitly designed to be usable with firewalls in place and with more than one component technology. Based on XML and HTTP, it was created by the combined efforts of Microsoft, DevelopMentor & UserLand Software. SOAP   provides a framework for connecting Web sites & applications thereby enabling the creation of universally accessible Web services. Having already generated a lot of interest, SOAP could be implemented in Web development tools, Web Server software and e-commerce applications as early as 2000.

Squid

Squid is a free, high-speed proxy caching server (program) for Web clients that is used to speed up Internet access and reduce bandwidth consumption.

SSI’s

SSI’s is an acronym for Server Side Includes, which are scripts that can be used to create dynamic Web pages. SSI’s enable the server to parse HTML pages and replace them with information as requested such as a CGI script or command. This all occurs on the server side so that users viewing the Web pages are unaware of the use of the SSI’s.

Swing

Swing is a Java toolkit written in Java comprising of a set of program components used by Java developers to create GUI’s. Swing is included in the Java Foundation Classes (JFC) which are provided in the  Java Developers Toolkit (JDK).

Sybase Enterprise Application Server

Sybase Enterprise Application (EAServer) is Sybase’s scalable platform for the deployment of Web and distributed applications that incorporates the capabilities of a component transaction server and dynamic Web page server. EAServer 3.6, the latest version announced in July 2000, provides complete support for core J2EE technologies including EJB, Java Servlets, JNDI, JTS, JTA, and JDBC. In addition, it also provides seamless support for virtually any type of client including CORBA, XML, DHTML  and PowerBuilder and provides a single point of integration for heterogeneous back office systems and enables companies to extend their businesses over the Web.

Systematic application servers

Systematic projects, which are well-funded & strategic in nature, lean towards systematic application servers as provided by BEA, IBM, Iona, Kiva (Netscape/AOL) & WebLogic (BEA) as opposed to opportunistic application servers.

Tcl

Tcl (pronounced ‘Tickle’) is a scripting language

Tengah

see BEA WebLogic

TRADACOMS

TRADACOMS is the European EDI standard used mainly in UK’s retail sector.

Total-e-Server

Total-e-Server is the name given to the next generation of Bluestone Software’s Sapphire/Web Application Server for the development, deployment, integration and management of e-business applications. It provides the foundation for Blustone’s Total-e-Business platform (which includes Total-e-B2B, Total-eB2C, Total-e-Wireless and Total-e-Global). Total-e-Server supports J2EE and XML and provides pre-built business connectors to allow ERP integration.

Tuxedo

see BEA Tuxedo

Twister

Twister is Brokat AG’s kernel product that provides a modular, integrated Enterprise Application Server for customer-oriented e-Business applications. Its Enterprise Application Server technology enables the integration of corporate IT systems into the e-environment. With additional applications such as X-AGENT (for customer interaction), Twister Profiling Service (for CRM) and EAI,  and Twister Integrated Tool Environment (for application development and administration), Twister provides the basis for an all-round solution.  (see Brokat)

Unify Vision AppServer

Vision AppServer is Unify’s application server designed to centrally coordinate, manage and integrate legacy, custom-built and packaged applications with the Internet.  It provides support for Java, ActiveX, and CORBA-based applications and includes built-in support for IBM’s MQSeries messaging technology. It includes its own publish and subscribe middleware based on the Unify ORB and includes support for any CORBA application through its licensing of Borland’s Visigenic VisORB.  It is complimented by its companion product, Vision AppBuilder, an object-oriented, repository based component framework that enables developers to rapidly create and easily modify application components.

VisiBroker

VisiBroker is Visigenic Software’s (now part of Borland International) industry leading CORBA-based ORB. It facilitates the development and deployment of highly scalable enterprise eBusiness applications. (see CORBA)

Visigenic VisiBroker

see VisiBroker

VisualCafe